Comparative Study of Antibacterial Activity of Tamarindus indica and Tagetes erecta

Thorat S. Sheela, Dadde S. Gurunath, Mohite Swapnali A., Chavan Rohan Kumar R., Mr. Mali Ramling D.

Annasaheb Dange College of B. Pharmacy, Ashta.

*Corresponding Author E-mail: ssheelathorat@gmail.com

ABSTRACT:

This study was design to perform comparative study of antibacterial activity of two species of plant such as Tamarandus indica belonging to family Leguminoseae and Tagetes erecta belonging to family Asteraceae. In this study, the ethanolic extract of leaves of Tamarandus indica and ethanoilc extract of flowers of Tagetes erecta was prepared by soxhlet extraction method. By phytochemical Screening it was found that the flowers of Tagetes erecta contains alkaloid, glycoside, flavonoid, tannin, carbohydrate or leaves of Tamarandus indica contain flavonoid, polyphenols, terpenoids, alkaloids. The antibacterial activity of both plant was performed by agar well diffusion method. The different strain and different media was used for this antibacterial activity. From the all the observation of zone of inhibition against all strain, it was concluded that the antibacterial activity of flowers Tagetes erecta was shows more as compare to the leaves of Tamarandus indica.

KEYWORDS: Tagetes erecta, Tamarandus indica, Antibacterial activity.

INTRODUCTION:

From the ancient time, The Herbal drugs were considered as natural drugs. Herbal drugs were showed less side effect and easily available and safe. The antibacterial drugs mean the agent which was used against bacterial infection.

The Tagetes erecta plant was considered as medicinal active plant. This plant belongs to family Asteraece. It contains different chemical constituent flowers contains carbohydrate, flavonoid (quercetin), Tannin, glycoside. These plant was mostly cultivated in India, Mexico.

The Tagetes erecta plant has various uses such as in stomach pain, in blood filteration, Diarrhoea, liver problem, vomiting, antibacterial, anthelmintic, hepatoprotective, antiulcer, antidiabetic, Similarly the Tamarandus indica was also medicinally important drugs drug. The Tamarndus indica belongs to Leguminoseae. the Plant contain chemical constituent such as flavanoid, Polyphenol, terpenoids. This plant was found in India, Pakistan, Indonesia

The Tamarindus indica plant used in abdominal pain, Diarrhoea, dysentery, wound healing, anthelmintic antidiabetic, antibacterial, antimicrobial, antifungal.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

Sr. No.	Chemicals
1	Ethanol
2	Distilled water
3	Nutrient agar
4	Vogel- Johnson agar
5	Maconkeys agar
6	Saline water

Experimental work:

Collection of Plant Material:

The flowers of Tagetes erecta and leaves of Tamarandus indica were collected from near region of Vita in the month of November

Authentication of Plant material:

The flowers of Tagetes erecta and leaves of Tamarandus indica were aunthentify by Dr. M. S. Shendage, Department of Botany, Balwant College, Vita.

Experimental work:

Extraction of Plant material:

In this process the flowers of T. erecta and leaves T. indica were dried under shade and powdered with grinder. Take 100 gm of powder, placed into thimble and extracted with ethanol. The extraction will continue until the colour of liquid in the thimble became clear. The extract further recovered. The concentrated extract was stored into desiccators and it was further used for the phytochemical investigation

Phytochemical Screening:

Sr. No	Phytochemicals	Flowers of *T. erecta*	Leaves of *T. indica*
1	Alkaloids	+	+
2	Glycoside	-	+
3	Flavanoids	+	+
4	Steriods	+	+
5	Terpenoid	+	+
6	tannin	+	_

Pharmacological Activity:

Antibacterial activity:

Preparation of media:

a. Proteus vulgaris – maconkeys agar high media + distilled water

b. Staphylococcus aureus - Baired parker medium +distilled water

c. Pseudomonas aeruginosa –Cetrimide agar + distilled water

d. Klebsiella pneumonia – maconkeys agar + distilled water

Antibacterial activity by agar well diffusion method

a. Prepare agar plate media and the bacteria were spread on suitable media

b. Preparation of disc on agar plate by using cork borer

c. Addition of different extract in different disc and label them.

d. The extract were showed inhibit the growth of bacteria

e. The amount of space around the disc, indicate that the amount of lethality of extract around on the bacteria

f. The effectiveness of antibacterial activity of both extract were determined by using measuring zone of inhibition in mm

RESULT AND DISCUSSION:

The result of antibacterial activity of ethanolic extract of Tagetes erecta and ethanolic extract of Tamarindus indica:

Sr. No.	Name of Bacteria	*Tamarindus* *Indica* (Sample)	**Tageteserecta(Sample)**	Gentamicin Standard drug
1.	Staphylococcus aureus	32	38	21
2.	Pseudomonas aeruginsa	26	28	21
3.	Klebsiella pneumonia	23	33	31
4.	Proteus Vulgaris	30	38	28

Klebsiella pneumonia on macconkey agar

1)Tagetes erecta, 2)Tamarindus indica

Proteus vulgaris on macconkey agar

1)Tamarindusindica, 2) Tageteserecta

Staphylococcus aureus on vogel johanson agar

1)Tageteserecta, 2)Tamarindusindica

Pseudomonas aurginosa on cetrimide agar

1)Tagetes erecta, 2)Tamarindus indica

Fig of Zone of Inhibition of Standard drug Gentamicin

From the phytochemical Screening it was found that, the both plant contain different chemical constituent, secondary metabolites such as flavonoids, polyphenols, Terpenoids, alkaloids, , tannin which may be responsible for antibacterial activity. Hence the antibacterial activity of two plant extract were performed by agar diffusion method, against different four bacterial strain. The result were evaluated by measuring zone of inhibition against different strain.

CONCLUSION:

The Ethanolic extract of flowers of T.erecta and leaves of T.indica were prepared successfully by using soxhlet extraction method, the extract were subjected to phytochemical screening for identification of different chemical constituent. These extract were subjected to antibacterial activity by agar diffusion method, against different bacterial strain and on different media. We were compared the zone of inhibition of both extract against different strain, From all above observation, it was concluded that the ethanolic extract of T.erecta was showed maximum antibacterial activity as compared to the T.indica

AKNOWLEDGEMENT:

I am thankful and grateful to the Prof. N.S. Mahajan Principal of Adarsh College of Pharmacy, Vita and also thankful to the research guide Ms. Thorat S. S who gave me proper guidance for the completion of research work and thankful to the Mrs. S.A. Mohite, Head of Microbiology department.

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Received on 30.05.2019 Modified on 21.06.2019

Res. J. Pharmacognosy and Phytochem. 2019; 11(3):186-188.

DOI: 10.5958/0975-4385.2019.00031.1